Audrey hepburn marriage biography youtube

British actress (1929–1993)

Audrey Kathleen Hepburn (née Ruston; 4 May 1929 – 20 January 1993) was a British^[a] actress. Recognised despite the fact that a film and fashion personage, she was ranked by birth American Film Institute as ethics third-greatest female screen legend evade the Classical Hollywood cinema subject was inducted into the Universal Best Dressed Hall of Reputation List.

Born into an highborn family in Ixelles, Brussels, Actress spent parts of her puberty in Belgium, England and primacy Netherlands. She attended boarding institute in Kent, England, from 1936 to 1939. With the epidemic of World War II, she returned to the Netherlands.^[3] By the war Hepburn studied choreography at the Arnhem Conservatory, cranium by 1944 she was enforcement ballet to raise money facility support the Dutch resistance.^[4] She studied ballet with Sonia Author in Amsterdam beginning in 1945 and with Marie Rambert mosquito London from 1948.

Hepburn began performing as a chorus woman in West End musical amphitheatre productions and then had insignificant appearances in several films. She rose to stardom in say publicly romantic comedy Roman Holiday (1953) alongside Gregory Peck, for which she was the first team member actor to win an Oscar, top-hole Golden Globe Award, and undiluted BAFTA Award for a celibate performance.

In that year she also won a Tony Present for Best Lead Actress increase twofold a Play for her action in Ondine.

Hepburn went clash to star in a few of successful films such laugh Sabrina (1954), in which Humphrey Bogart and William Holden fence for her affection; Funny Face (1957), a musical in which she sang her own parts; the drama The Nun's Story (1959); the romantic comedy Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961); the thriller-romance Charade (1963), opposite Cary Grant; and the musical My Inexpressive Lady (1964).

In 1967, she starred in the thriller Wait Until Dark, receiving Academy Give, Golden Globe and BAFTA nominations. After that role Hepburn inimitable occasionally appeared in films, adjourn being Robin and Marian (1976) with Sean Connery. Her endure recorded performances were in dignity 1990 documentary television series Gardens of the World with Audrey Hepburn, for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award funding Outstanding Individual Achievement – Illuminating Programming.

In 1994, Hepburn's donations to a spoken-word recording aristocratic Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales due her a posthumous Grammy Honour for Best Spoken Word Notebook for Children. She stands reorganization one of few entertainers who have won competitive Academy, Honour, Grammy and Tony Awards leak out as EGOT.

Hepburn won BAFTA Awards for Best Island Actress in a Leading Cut up.

In recognition of her skin career, she received BAFTA's Interval Achievement Award, the Golden Earth Cecil B. DeMille Award, representation Screen Actors Guild Life Conclusion Award and the Special Patrician Award. Later in life, Actress devoted much of her interval to UNICEF, to which she had contributed since 1954.

Halfway 1988 and 1992, she hollow in some of the last communities of Africa, South U.s.a. and Asia. In December 1992, Hepburn received the US Statesmanly Medal of Freedom in gratitude of her work as unornamented UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador. A four weeks later, she died of sum cancer at her home get round Tolochenaz, Vaud, Switzerland at say publicly age of 63.^[5]

Early life

1929–1938: and early childhood

Audrey Kathleen Ruston (later, Hepburn-Ruston) was born spit 4 May 1929 at back number 48 Rue Keyenveld in Ixelles, a municipality of Brussels, Belgique.

She was known to take five family as Adriaantje.

Hepburn's mother, Peeress Ella van Heemstra (1900–1984), was a Dutch noblewoman. Ella was the daughter of Baron Aarnoud van Heemstra, who served gorilla the mayor of Arnhem plant 1910 to 1920 and primate the governor of Dutch Guiana from 1921 to 1928, essential Baroness Elbrig Willemine Henriette forerunner Asbeck (1873–1939), a granddaughter spectacle Count Dirk van Hogendorp.^[9] Assume age 19, she married Jonkheer Hendrik Gustaaf Adolf Quarles vehivle Ufford—an oil executive based stem Batavia, Dutch East Indies, locale the couple subsequently lived.

Beforehand divorcing in 1925, they esoteric two sons, Jonkheer Arnoud Parliamentarian Alexander Quarles van Ufford (1920–1979) and Jonkheer Ian Edgar Bacteriologist Quarles van Ufford (1924–2010).^[12]

Hepburn's papa, Joseph Victor Anthony Ruston (1889–1980), was a British subject hatched in Auschitz, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary.

Subside was the son of Champion John George Ruston, who was of British and German-Austrian history, and Anna Juliana Franziska Karolina Wels, who was of German-Austrian origin and born in Kovarce.^[13] In 1923–1924, he was operate Honorary British Consul in City, Dutch East Indies and, preceding to his marriage to Hepburn's mother, was married to Cornelia Bisschop, a Dutch heiress.^[15] Carpenter later changed his surname around the more "aristocratic" double-barrelled Hepburn-Ruston, perhaps at Ella's insistence, because he mistakenly believed himself descended from James Hepburn, 4th Baron of Bothwell.^[b]

Hepburn's parents were joined in Batavia in 1926.

Mass the time, Joseph worked promoter a trading company, but anon after the marriage, the combine moved to Europe, where good taste began working for a early payment company; reportedly tin merchants MacLaine, Watson, and Company in Writer. After a year in Writer, they moved to Brussels, vicinity he had been assigned envision open a branch office.

End three years spent traveling mid Brussels, Arnhem, The Hague obscure London, the family settled get through to the suburban Brussels municipality draw round Linkebeek in 1932.^[20] Hepburn's badly timed childhood was sheltered and special allowed. Due to her father's costeffective, the family travelled back current forth between three countries, well-chosen adulatory her multinational background.^[c]

In the mid-1930s, Hepburn's parents recruited and cool donations for the British Uniting of Fascists (B.U.F).

Ella decrease Adolf Hitler and wrote fair articles about him for excellence B.U.F.^[23] Joseph left the kinfolk abruptly in 1935 after span "scene" in Brussels. He in a few words moved to London, where sharp-tasting became more deeply involved imprison the Fascist activity and on no occasion visited Hepburn abroad.

That assign year, Ella moved to the brush family's estate in Arnhem rule her daughter; her sons, Alex and Ian, were sent interrupt The Hague to live convene relatives. Joseph wanted Hepburn drawback be educated in the Affiliated Kingdom, so in 1937, she was sent to live attach Kent, where she, known renovation Audrey Ruston or "Little Audrey", was educated at a at a low level private school in Elham.^[26] Accompaniment parents officially divorced the early payment year.^[28] Later in her nation, she often spoke of leadership effect on a child appeal to being "dumped" as "children entail two parents"; she professed go off her father's departure was "the most traumatic event of free life".

In the 1960s, Actress renewed contact with her ecclesiastic after locating him in Port through the Red Cross; she supported him financially until her highness death although he remained dreadfully detached.^[31]

1939–1945: Experiences during World Armed conflict II

See also: Dutch famine invite 1944–1945

After Britain declared war disturb Germany in September 1939, Hepburn's mother moved her daughter contain to Arnhem in the pray that, as during the Important World War, the Netherlands would remain neutral and be relieve from a German attack.

While thither, Hepburn attended the Arnhem Schoolhouse from 1939 to 1945. She had begun taking ballet inculcate during her last years molder boarding school, and continued qualifications in Arnhem under the tuition of Winja Marova, becoming restlessness "star pupil". After the Germans invaded the Netherlands in 1940, Hepburn used the name Roman-fleuve van Heemstra, because an "English-sounding" name was considered dangerous near the German occupation.

Her lineage was profoundly affected by significance occupation, with Hepburn later stating that "had we known wander we were going to make ends meet occupied for five years, phenomenon might have all shot man. We thought it might adjust over next week… six months… next year… that's how incredulity got through".

In 1942, her lady of the press, Otto van Limburg Stirum (husband of her mother's older pamper, Miesje), was executed in act of vengeance for an act of undermine by the resistance movement; as he had not been affected in the act, he was targeted due to his family's prominence in Dutch society.

These family events were the stomachchurning point in the attitude regard Hepburn's mother, who had flirted with Nazism up to that point. Hepburn's half-brother Ian was deported to Berlin to preventable in a German labour camp-site, and her other half-brother Alex went into hiding to evade the same fate.

After her uncle's fixate, Hepburn, Ella, and Miesje leftist Arnhem to live with disown grandfather, Baron Aarnoud van Heemstra, in nearby Velp.

Around saunter time Hepburn gave silent shuffle performances that reportedly raised medium of exchange for the Dutch resistance effort.^[32] It was long believed mosey she participated in the Land resistance itself, but in 2016 the Airborne Museum 'Hartenstein' story that after extensive research pass had not found any attest of such activities.^[33] A 2019 book by Robert Matzen allowing evidence, based on Hepburn's bodily statements, that she had slim the resistance by giving "underground concerts" to raise money, release the underground newspaper, and compelling messages and food to downed Allied flyers hiding in excellence woodlands north of Velp.^[34] She also volunteered at a clinic that was the center adequate resistance activities in Velp,^[34] obscure, according to Hepburn, her coat temporarily hid a British soldier in their home during depiction Battle of Arnhem.^[36] Matzen besides claims that Hepburn carried messages for the Dutch Resistance, plus to downed British paratroopers.^[37]

In check out of to other traumatic events, she witnessed the transportation of Land Jews to concentration camps, after stating that "more than previously I was at the site seeing trainloads of Jews questionnaire transported, seeing all these assault over the top of high-mindedness wagon.

I remember, very sternly, one little boy standing liking his parents on the rostrum, very pale, very blond, fatiguing a coat that was overmuch too big for him, mushroom he stepped on the domesticate. I was a child recognition a child."

After the Allied deplaning on D-Day, living conditions grew worse, and Arnhem was consequently heavily damaged during Operation Hawk Garden.

During the 1944–45 Country famine, the Germans hindered less significant reduced the already limited menu and fuel supplies to civilians in retaliation for Dutch front line strikes that were held turn into disrupt the occupation. Like nakedness, Hepburn's family resorted to creation flour out of tulip bulbs to bake cakes and biscuits,^[39][40] a source of starchy carbohydrates; Dutch doctors provided recipes provision using tulip bulbs throughout nobleness famine.^[41] Suffering from the goods of malnutrition, after the contest ended Hepburn became gravely decisiveness with jaundice, anaemia, oedema, build up a respiratory infection.

In Oct 1945, a letter from Ella asking for help was traditional by Micky Burn, a onetime lover and British Army public official with whom she had corresponded while he was a take hostage of war in Colditz Fastness. He sent back thousands freedom cigarettes, which she was regular to sell on the inky market and thus buy honourableness penicillin which saved Hepburn's life.^[42][43] The Van Heemstra family's monetary situation changed significantly through prestige occupation, during which time various of their properties (including their principal estate in Arnhem) were damaged or destroyed.

Entertainment career

1945–1952: Choreography studies and early acting roles

After the war ended in 1945, Hepburn moved with her keep somebody from talking and siblings to Amsterdam, whirl location she began ballet training junior to Sonia Gaskell, a leading image in Dutch ballet, and Native teacher Olga Tarasova.

Due dressingdown the loss of the next of kin fortune, Ella had to occasion them by working as a-one cook and housekeeper for cool wealthy family. Hepburn made an added film debut playing an out of all proportion stewardess in Dutch in Heptad Lessons (1948), an educational proceed film made by Charles vehivle der Linden and Henry Josephson.

Later that year, Hepburn moved tender London after accepting a choreography scholarship with Ballet Rambert, which was then based in Notting Hill.^[d] She supported herself take up again part-time work as a maquette, and dropped "Ruston" from respite surname.

After she was rumbling by Rambert that despite kill talent, her height and make the best of constitution (the after-effect of wartime malnutrition) would make the significance of prima ballerina unattainable, she decided to concentrate on acting.^[50][51][52] While Ella worked in lowly jobs to support them, Actress appeared as a chorus girl^[53] in the West End lilting theatre revuesHigh Button Shoes (1948) at the London Hippodrome, countryside Cecil Landeau's Sauce Tartare (1949) and Sauce Piquante (1950) spokesperson the Cambridge Theatre.

Also, touch a chord 1950, she worked as cool dancer in an exceptionally "ambitious" revue, Summer Nights, at Ciro's London, a prominent nightclub.^[54]

During minder theatrical work, she took enunciation lessons with actor Felix Aylmer to develop her voice. Rear 1 being spotted by the Fascinating Studios casting director, Margaret Harper-Nelson, while performing in Sauce Piquante, Hepburn was registered as expert freelance actress with the Comparative British Picture Corporation (ABPC).

She appeared in the BBC Constrain play The Silent Village,^[56] mushroom in minor roles in ethics films One Wild Oat, Laughter in Paradise, Young Wives' Tale, and The Lavender Hill Mob (all 1951). She was thrust in her first major application role in Thorold Dickinson's Secret People (1952), as a gigantic ballerina, performing all of socialize own dancing sequences.

Hepburn then took a small role in wonderful bilingual film, Monte Carlo Baby (French: Nous Irons à Cards Carlo, 1952), which was filmed in Monte Carlo.

Coincidentally, Country novelist Colette was at rendering Hôtel de Paris in Cards Carlo during the filming, avoid decided to cast Hepburn interpose the title role in interpretation Broadway play Gigi. Hepburn went into rehearsals having never oral on stage, and required confidential coaching.^[59] When Gigi opened scorn the Fulton Theatre on 24 November 1951, she received hero worship for her performance, despite contempt that the stage version was inferior to the French disc adaptation.^[60]Life called her a "hit",^[60] while The New York Times stated that "her quality stick to so winning and so proper that she is the prosperity of the evening".^[59] Hepburn further received a Theatre World Furnish for the role.^[61] The ground ran for 219 performances, final on 31 May 1952,^[61] earlier going on tour, which began 13 October 1952 in City and visited Cleveland, Chicago, Motown, Washington, D.

C., and Los Angeles, before closing on 16 May 1953 in San Francisco.

1953–1960: Roman Holiday and stardom

Hepburn confidential her first starring role lid Roman Holiday (1953), playing Monarch Ann, a European princess who escapes the reins of obligation and has a wild superficial out with an American hack (Gregory Peck).

On 18 Sep 1951, shortly after Secret People was finished but before lecturer premiere, Thorold Dickinson made marvellous screen test with the teenaged starlet and sent it close by director William Wyler, who was in Rome preparing Roman Holiday. Wyler wrote a glowing commentary of thanks to Dickinson, language that "as a result finance the test, a number loosen the producers at Paramount imitate expressed interest in casting her."^[62] The producers of the peel had initially wanted Elizabeth Composer for the role, but Filmmaker was so impressed by Hepburn's screen test that he troupe her instead.

Wyler later commented, "She had everything I was looking for: charm, innocence, advocate talent. She also was complete funny. She was absolutely fascinating, and we said, 'That's ethics girl!'" Originally, the film was to have had only Hildebrand Peck's name above its name, with "Introducing Audrey Hepburn" secondary to in smaller font.

Peck insinuated Wyler elevate her to require billing so her name appears before the title, and infiltrate type as large as his: "You've got to change range because she'll be a immense star, and I'll look come out a big jerk."

The film was a box-office success, and Actress gained critical acclaim for wise portrayal, unexpectedly winning an Institution Award for Best Actress, orderly BAFTA Award for Best Island Actress in a Leading Part, and a Golden Globe Bestow for Best Actress – Transit Picture Drama in 1953.

Emit his review in The Another York Times, A. H. Weiler wrote: "Although she is sound precisely a newcomer to motion pictures, Audrey Hepburn, the British contestant who is being starred shelter the first time as Ruler Anne, is a slender, dwarf, and wistful beauty, alternately queen and childlike in her deep appreciation of newly-found, simple pleasures and love.

Although she courageously smiles her acknowledgement of goodness end of that affair, she remains a pitifully lonely badge facing a stuffy future."^[65]

Hepburn was signed to a seven-picture agreement with Paramount, with 12 months in between films to countenance her time for stage work.^[66] She was featured on 7 September 1953 cover of Time magazine, and also became get out for her personal style.^[67] Shadowing her success in Roman Holiday, Hepburn starred in Billy Wilder's romantic Cinderella-story comedy Sabrina (1954), in which wealthy brothers (Humphrey Bogart and William Holden) contend for the affections of their chauffeur's innocent daughter (Hepburn).

Quota her performance, she was downhearted for the 1954 Academy Honour for Best Actress, while cute the BAFTA Award for Gain the advantage over Actress in a Leading Function the same year.^[68]Bosley Crowther center The New York Times claimed that she was "a prepubescent lady of extraordinary range realize sensitive and moving expressions private such a frail and slim frame.

She is even statesman luminous as the daughter swallow pet of the servants' entry than she was as well-organized princess last year, and thumb more than that can possibility said."^[69]

Hepburn also returned to loftiness stage in 1954, playing clever water nymph who falls extract love with a human ready money the fantasy play Ondine register Broadway.

A critic for The New York Times commented ditch "somehow, Miss Hepburn is effective to translate [its intangibles] have some bearing on the language of the auditorium without artfulness or precociousness. She gives a pulsing performance prowl is all grace and conjury, disciplined by an instinct fail to distinguish the realities of the stage".

Her performance won her nobleness 1954 Tony Award for Total Performance by a Leading Sportsman in a Play three times after she won the Institution Award for Roman Holiday, establishment her one of three sling to receive the Academy fairy story Tony Awards for Best Entertainer in the same year (the other two are Shirley 1 and Ellen Burstyn).^[70] During honesty production, Hepburn and her co-star Mel Ferrer began a self-importance, and were married on 25 September 1954 in Switzerland.^[71]

Although she appeared in no new integument releases in 1955, Hepburn everyday the Golden Globe for Earth Film Favorite that year.^[72] Acquiring become one of Hollywood's bossy popular box-office attractions, she asterisked in a series of work out films during the remainder oppress the decade, including her BAFTA- and Golden Globe-nominated role considerably Natasha Rostova in War service Peace (1956), an adaptation accept the Tolstoy novel set all along the Napoleonic wars, starring Chemist Fonda and her husband Fracas Ferrer.

She exhibited her sparking abilities in her debut euphonic film, Funny Face (1957), wherein Fred Astaire, a fashion lensman, discovers a beatnik bookshop registrar (Hepburn) who, lured by systematic free trip to Paris, becomes a beautiful model. Hepburn asterisked in another romantic comedy, Love in the Afternoon (also 1957), alongside Gary Cooper and Maurice Chevalier.

Hepburn played Sister Evangelist in The Nun's Story (1959), which focuses on the character's struggle to succeed as fastidious nun, alongside co-star Peter Finch. The role produced a base Academy Award nomination for Actress, and earned her a on top BAFTA Award. A review descent Variety reads: "Hepburn has tea break most demanding film role, scold she gives her finest performance",^[73] while Henry Hart in Films in Review stated that in trade performance "will forever silence those who have thought her severe an actress than a insigne singular of the sophisticated child/woman.

Assembly portrayal of Sister Luke deference one of the great proceeding of the screen."^[74] Hepburn burnt out a year researching and fundamental on the role, saying, "I gave more time, energy, contemporary thought to this role rather than to any of my one-time screen performances".^[75]

Following The Nun's Story, Hepburn received a lukewarm gratitude for starring with Anthony Perkins in the romantic adventure Green Mansions (1959), in which she played Rima, a jungle young lady who falls in love form a junction with a Venezuelan traveller,^[76] and The Unforgiven (1960), her only story film, in which she emerged opposite Burt Lancaster and Lillian Gish in a story ticking off racism against a group ceremony Native Americans.^[77]

1961–1967: Breakfast at Tiffany's and continued success

Hepburn next asterisked as New Yorker Holly Golightly in Blake Edwards's Breakfast activity Tiffany's (1961), a film unshakeable based on the Truman Capotenovella of the same name.

Greatcoat disapproved of many changes dump were made to sanitise probity story for the film side, and would have preferred Marilyn Monroe to have been earmark in the role, although take steps also stated that Hepburn "did a terrific job". The erect is considered one of probity best-known in American cinema, extremity a defining role for Hepburn.^[79] The dress she wears around the opening credits has antiquated considered an icon of honourableness twentieth century, and perhaps prestige most famous "little black dress" of all time.^[80][81][82] Hepburn expressed that the role was "the jazziest of my career"^[84] still admitted: "I'm an introvert.

Acting the extroverted girl was character hardest thing I ever did."^[85] She was nominated for picture Academy Award for Best Contestant for her performance.

The be the same as year, Hepburn also starred enclose William Wyler's drama The Lowranking Hour (1961), in which she and Shirley MacLaine play employees whose lives are destroyed stern two pupils accuse them chivalrous being lesbians.^[86][87] Bosley Crowther provision The New York Times writes that the film "is sound too well acted", with righteousness exception of Hepburn, who "gives the impression of being discerning and pure" of its "muted theme".^[86]Variety magazine also compliments Hepburn's "soft sensitivity, marvelous projection concentrate on emotional understatement", adding that Actress and MacLaine "beautifully complement each one other".^[87]

Hepburn next appeared opposite Cary Grant in the comic novel Charade (1963), playing a green widow pursued by several other ranks who chase after the coincidental stolen by her murdered lay by or in.

The 59-year-old Grant, who locked away previously withdrawn from the principal male lead roles in Roman Holiday and Sabrina, was hard about his age difference appreciate 34-year-old Hepburn, and was discomfited about the romantic interplay. Add up satisfy his concerns, the filmmakers agreed to alter the dramatic art so that Hepburn's character was pursuing him.

The film sordid out to be a acceptable experience for him; he articulated, "All I want for Season is another picture with Audrey Hepburn."^[89] The role earned Actress her third, and final, aggressive BAFTA Award, and another Halcyon Globe nomination. Critic Bosley Crowther was less kind to bitterness performance, stating that, "Hepburn wreckage cheerfully committed to a potency of how-nuts-can-you-be in an evidently comforting assortment of expensive Givenchy costumes."^[90]

Although filmed in the season of 1962 before Charade, Actress reunited with her Sabrina co-star William Holden in Paris Conj at the time that It Sizzles (1964), a sort comedy in which she affected the young assistant of neat Hollywood screenwriter, who aids authority writer's block by acting set free his fantasies of possible plots.

Its production was troubled unused several problems. Holden unsuccessfully reliable to rekindle a romance coworker the now-married Hepburn, and sovereignty alcoholism was beginning to win over his work. After principal picture making began, she demanded the expulsion of cinematographer Claude Renoir afterward seeing what she felt were unflattering dailies.^[91] Superstitious, she further insisted on dressing room 55 because that was her flush number and required that Hubert de Givenchy, her long-time creator, be given a credit schedule the film for her perfume.^[91] Dubbed "marshmallow-weight hokum" by Variety upon its release in April,^[92] the film was "uniformly panned"^[91] but critics were kinder repeat Hepburn's performance, describing her on account of "a refreshingly individual creature profit an era of the hyperbolic curve".^[92]

Hepburn's second film released beginning 1964 was George Cukor's crust adaptation of the stage harmonious My Fair Lady, which premiered in October.^[93]Soundstage wrote that "not since Gone with the Wind has a motion picture authored such universal excitement as My Fair Lady",^[70] although Hepburn's touch in the role of Londoner flower girl Eliza Doolittle was a source of dispute.

Julie Andrews, who had originated primacy role on stage, was call for offered the part because creator Jack L. Warner thought Actress was a more "bankable" plan. Hepburn initially asked Warner problem give the role to Naturalist but was eventually cast. Newborn friction was created when, though non-singer Hepburn had sung entice Funny Face and had prolonged vocal preparation for the parcel in My Fair Lady, in trade vocals were dubbed by Marni Nixon, whose voice was wise more suitable to the role.^[94][95] Hepburn was initially upset avoid walked off the set as informed.^[e]

Critics applauded Hepburn's performance.

Crowther wrote that, "The happiest matter about [My Fair Lady] assessment that Audrey Hepburn superbly justifies the decision of Jack Honest to get her to exert the title role."^[94] Gene Ringgold of Soundstage also commented go, "Audrey Hepburn is magnificent. She is Eliza for the ages",^[70] while adding, "Everyone agreed lose concentration if Julie Andrews was howl to be in the hide, Audrey Hepburn was the consummate choice."^[70] The reviewer in Time magazine said her "graceful, charming performance" was "the best pay for her career".^[96] Andrews won unsullied Academy Award for Mary Poppins at the 1964 37th Faculty Awards and Hepburn earned Blow out of the water Actress nominations for Golden Terra and New York Film Critics Circle awards.^[97]

Hepburn appeared in take in assortment of genres including character heist comedy How to Appropriate a Million (1966).

Hepburn false the daughter of a noted art collector, whose collection consists entirely of forgeries that capture about to be exposed gorilla fakes. Her character plays character part of a dutiful bird trying to help her daddy with the help of topping man played by Peter Player. The film was followed rough two films in 1967. Position first was Two for rectitude Road, a non-linear and original British dramedy that traces greatness course of a couple's apprehensive marriage.

Director Stanley Donen held that Hepburn was freer extremity happier than he had smart seen her, and he credited that to co-star Albert Finney.^[98] The second, Wait Until Dark, is a suspense thriller sky which Hepburn demonstrated her picky range by playing the break of a terrorised blind chick. Filmed on the brink ship her divorce, it was fastidious difficult film for her, slightly husband Mel Ferrer was tight producer.

She lost fifteen pounds under the stress, but she found solace in co-star Richard Crenna and director Terence Teenaged. Hepburn earned her fifth very last final competitive Academy Award election for Best Actress; Bosley Crowther affirmed, "Hepburn plays the harrowing role, the quickness with which she changes and the dexterity with which she manifests fear attract sympathy and anxiety bring out her and give her existent solidity in the final scenes."^[99]

1968–1993: Semi-retirement and final projects

After 1967, Hepburn chose to devote modernize time to her family discipline acted only occasionally.

She attempted a comeback playing Maid Mother in the period pieceRobin sit Marian (1976) with Sean Connery co-starring as Robin Hood, which was moderately successful. Roger Ebert praised Hepburn's chemistry with Connery, writing, "Connery and Hepburn look to be to have arrived at regular tacit understanding between themselves high opinion their characters.

They glow. They really do seem in enjoy. And they project as superbly complex, fond, tender people; decency passage of 20 years has given them grace and wisdom."^[100] Hepburn reunited with director Dramatist Young in the production flaxen Bloodline (1979), sharing top-billing be on a par with Ben Gazzara, James Mason, alight Romy Schneider.^[101] The film, be over international intrigue amid the refined, was a critical and box-office failure.

Hepburn's last starring put it on in a feature film was opposite Gazzara in the chaffing They All Laughed (1981), doomed by Peter Bogdanovich.^[102] The membrane was overshadowed by the bloodshed of one of its stars, Dorothy Stratten, and received lone a limited release. Six lifetime later, Hepburn co-starred with Parliamentarian Wagner in a made-for-televisioncaper vinyl, Love Among Thieves (1987).^[103]

After bias her last motion picture role—a cameo appearance as an supporter in Steven Spielberg's Always (1989)—Hepburn completed only two more entertainment-related projects, both critically acclaimed.

Gardens of the World with Audrey Hepburn was a PBS docudrama series, which was filmed expire location in seven countries advance the spring and summer model 1990. A one-hour special preceded it in March 1991, courier the series itself began tight national PBS premiere on 24 January 1993, the day game her funeral services in Tolochenaz.

For the "Flower Gardens" affair, Hepburn was posthumously awarded primacy 1993 Emmy Award for Memorable Individual Achievement – Informational Encoding. The other project was shipshape and bristol fashion spoken word album, Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales, which features readings of classic children's stories bid was recorded in 1992.

Stage set earned her a posthumous Grammy Award for Best Spoken Vocable Album for Children.^[104]

Humanitarian work

In honourableness 1950s, Hepburn narrated two beam programmes for UNICEF, re-telling beginner stories of war.^[105] In 1989, Hepburn was appointed a High regard Ambassador of UNICEF.

On unconditional appointment, she stated that she was grateful for receiving ecumenical aid after enduring the Germanic occupation as a child, station wanted to show her thanksgiving to the organisation.^[106]

1988–1992

Hepburn's first nature mission for UNICEF was curb Ethiopia in 1988.

She visited an orphanage in Mek'ele renounce housed 500 starving children cranium had UNICEF send food.^[107] Regard the trip, she said,

I have a broken heart. Berserk feel desperate. I can't rise the idea that two jillion people are in imminent jeopardy of starving to death, go to regularly of them children, [and] not quite because there isn't tons go with food sitting in the circumboreal port of Shoa.

It can't be distributed. Last spring, Develop Cross and UNICEF workers were ordered out of the yankee provinces because of two contemporary civil wars... I went let somebody use rebel country and saw mothers and their children who abstruse walked for ten days, still three weeks, looking for trot, settling onto the desert fell into makeshift camps where they may die.

Horrible. That thoughts is too much for superior. The 'Third World' is well-ordered term I don't like disentangle much, because we're all facial appearance world. I want people work to rule know that the largest neighbourhood of humanity is suffering.^[108]

In Grave 1988, Hepburn went to Poultry on an immunisation campaign.

She called Turkey "the loveliest example" of UNICEF's capabilities. Of decency trip, she said, "The herd gave us their trucks, primacy fishmongers gave their wagons purport the vaccines, and once loftiness date was set, it took ten days to vaccinate primacy whole country. Not bad."^[107] Wring October, Hepburn went to Southward America.

Of her experiences convoluted Venezuela and Ecuador, Hepburn sit in judgment the United States Congress, "I saw tiny mountain communities, slums, and shantytowns receive water systems for the first time shy some miracle – and probity miracle is UNICEF. I watched boys build their own building with bricks and cement wanting by UNICEF."^[109]

Hepburn toured Central Ground in February 1989, and decrease with leaders in Honduras, Spot Salvador, and Guatemala.

In Apr, she visited Sudan with Wolders as part of a remoteness called "Operation Lifeline". Because grip civil war, food from map agencies had been cut plug up. The mission was to shuttle food to southern Sudan. Actress said, "I saw but single glaring truth: These are shed tears natural disasters but man-made tragedies for which there is one and only one man-made solution – peace."^[107] In October 1989, Hepburn boss Wolders went to Bangladesh.

Ablutions Isaac, a UN photographer, supposed, "Often the kids would possess flies all over them, nevertheless she would just go hold tight them. I had never ignore that. Other people had span certain amount of hesitation, on the other hand she would just grab them. Children would just come set a date for to hold her hand, set be in contact with her – she was comparable the Pied Piper."

In Oct 1990, Hepburn went to War, in an effort to work in partnership with the government for strong UNICEF-supported immunisation and clean drinking-water programmes.

In September 1992, cardinal months before she died, Actress went to Somalia. Calling dedicated "apocalyptic", she said, "I walked into a nightmare. I take seen famine in Ethiopia near Bangladesh, but I have atypical nothing like this – positive much worse than I could possibly have imagined. I wasn't prepared for this."^[107] Though blemished by what she had idiosyncratic, Hepburn still had hope stating:

As we move into integrity twenty-first century, there is undue to reflect upon.

We appeal around us and see defer the promises of yesterday put on to come to pass. Be sociable still live in abject scarcity, people are still hungry, citizenry still struggle to survive. Dispatch among these people we supervise the children, always the children: their enlarged bellies, their be distressed eyes, their wise faces avoid show the suffering, all blue blood the gentry suffering they have endured confined their short years.^[110]

Recognition

United States presidentship George H.

W. Bush debonair Hepburn with the Presidential Badge of Freedom in recognition bad deal her work with UNICEF, stomach the Academy of Motion Be pleased about Arts and Sciences posthumously awarded her the Jean Hersholt Supportive Award for her contribution keep humanity.^[111] In 2002, at leadership United Nations Special Session state Children, UNICEF honoured Hepburn's inheritance of humanitarian work by expos a statue, "The Spirit govern Audrey", at UNICEF's New Dynasty headquarters.

Her service for lineage is also recognised through authority United States Fund for UNICEF's Audrey Hepburn Society.^[113][114]

Personal life at an earlier time final years

Multilingualism

Alongside her native Even-handedly and Dutch, Hepburn also difficult to understand some fluency in French (which she learned at school count on Belgium), German, Italian, and Spanish.^[115] Throughout her life, Hepburn cursory in many countries, including defrayal her childhood in Belgium, England, and the Netherlands, and amalgam adult years in the Affiliated States, Italy, and Switzerland,^[116] snowball traveled extensively during her afterwards years of life as gallop of her humanitarian work become accustomed UNICEF.^[117]

Marriages, relationships, and children

In 1952, Hepburn became engaged to magnate James Hanson, whom she difficult known since her early years in London.

She called bin "love at first sight", on the contrary after having her wedding costume fitted and the date reflexive, she decided the marriage would not work because the importunity of their careers would confine them apart most of grandeur time.^[119] She issued a disclose statement about her decision, aphorism "When I get married, Hysterical want to be really married".

In the early 1950s, she also dated future Hair grower Michael Butler.^[121]

At a cocktail class hosted by mutual friend Pontiff Peck, Hepburn met American human being Mel Ferrer, and suggested become absent-minded they star together in dialect trig play.^[70] The meeting led them to collaborate in Ondine, nearby which they began a delight.

Eight months later, on 25 September 1954, they were husbandly in Bürgenstock, Switzerland,^[123] while development to star together in distinction film War and Peace (1956). She and Ferrer had uncluttered son, Sean Hepburn Ferrer, domestic on 17 June 1960.^[124] Former to Sean's birth, Hepburn challenging two other pregnancies that gone in miscarriages, the second helpful at six months.^{[116][124][125]}

Ferrer was viewed to be too controlling, spell had been referred to tough others as being her "Svengali" – an idea that Actress laughed off.

William Holden was quoted as saying, "I determine Audrey allows Mel to deliberate he influences her." After smashing 14-year marriage, the couple divorced in 1968.^[126]

Hepburn met her subsequent husband, Italian psychiatrist Andrea Dotti, on a Mediterranean cruise touch friends in June 1968. She believed she would have optional extra children and possibly stop working.^[127][128] They married on 18 Jan 1969, and their son Luca Andrea Dotti was born sensation 8 February 1970.^[124] While significant with Luca in 1969, Actress was more careful, resting tabloid months before delivering the babe via caesarean section.

Hepburn a miscarriage in 1974.^[124]

Dotti contemporary Hepburn were unfaithful, he cream younger women and she write down actor Ben Gazzara during distinction filming of Bloodline (1979).^[129] Distinction marriage lasted twelve years bracket was dissolved in 1982.^[124][130]

From 1980 until her death in 1993, Hepburn was in a correlation with Dutch actor Robert Wolders, the widower of actress Merl Oberon.^[40] She had met Wolders through a friend during nobleness later years of her subordinate marriage.

In 1989, she labelled the nine years she esoteric spent with him the happiest years of her life, sports ground stated that she considered them married, just not officially.^[131]

Illness ride death

Upon returning to Switzerland plant Somalia in late September 1992, Hepburn developed abdominal pain.

Spell initial medical tests in Suisse had inconclusive results, a laparoscopy performed at the Cedars-Sinai Remedial Center in Los Angeles wear early November revealed a exceptional form of abdominal cancer relation to a group of cancers known as pseudomyxoma peritonei. Gaining grown slowly over several age, the cancer had metastasised chimpanzee a thin coating over supreme small intestine.

After surgery, Actress began chemotherapy.^[133]

Hepburn and her kinsmen returned home to Switzerland tolerate celebrate her last Christmas. In the same way she was still recovering strip surgery, she was unable engender a feeling of fly on commercial aircraft. Company long-time friend, fashion designer Hubert de Givenchy, arranged for socialite Rachel Lambert "Bunny" Mellon relating to send her private Gulfstream flowing, filled with flowers, to standpoint Hepburn from Los Angeles harmony Geneva.

She spent her resolute days in hospice care rib her home in Tolochenaz, Vaud, and was occasionally well ample to take walks in recede garden, but gradually became extend confined to bedrest.

On the eventide of 20 January 1993, Actress died in her sleep dress warmly her home. After her fixate, Gregory Peck recorded a share out to Hepburn in which put your feet up recited the poem "Unending Love" by Rabindranath Tagore.^[135] Funeral maintenance were held at the neighbouring church of Tolochenaz on 24 January 1993.

Maurice Eindiguer, depiction same pastor who wed Actress and Mel Ferrer and baptized her son Sean in 1960, presided over her funeral, length Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan decompose UNICEF delivered a eulogy. Various family members and friends accompanied by the funeral, including her kids, partner Robert Wolders, half-brother Ian Quarles van Ufford, ex-husbands Andrea Dotti and Mel Ferrer, Hubert de Givenchy, executives of UNICEF, and fellow actors Alain Delon and Roger Moore.^[136] Flower quotation were sent to the inhumation by Gregory Peck, Elizabeth Actress, and the Dutch royal family.^[137] Later on the same daytime, Hepburn was interred at righteousness Tolochenaz Cemetery.^[138]

Legacy

Hepburn's legacy has endured long after her death.

Depiction American Film Institute named Actress third among the Greatest Warm Stars of All Time. She is one of few entertainers who have won Academy, Laurels, Grammy and Tony Awards. She won a record three BAFTA Awards for Best British Player in a Leading Role. Get her last years, she remained a visible presence in leadership film world.

She received topping tribute from the Film Speak together of Lincoln Center in 1991 and she was a universal presenter at the Academy Credit. She received the BAFTA Life span Achievement Award in 1992.^[139] She was the recipient of legion posthumous awards including the 1993 Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award soar competitive Grammy and Emmy Bays.

In January 2009, Hepburn was named on The Times' roster of the top 10 Island actresses of all time.^[139] Draw 2010, Emma Thompson opined deviate Hepburn "can't sing and she can't really act"; some create agreed, others disagreed.^[140] Hepburn's babe Sean later said "My curb would be the first for myself to say that she wasn't the best actress in representation world.

But she was unadulterated movie star."^[141]

She has been primacy subject of many biographies on account of her death including the 2000 dramatisation of her life patrician The Audrey Hepburn Story which starred Jennifer Love Hewitt captain Emmy Rossum as the sr. and younger Hepburn respectively.^[142] Fallow son and granddaughter, Sean distinguished Emma Ferrer, helped produce marvellous biographical documentary directed by Helena Coan, entitled Audrey