Samuel mitja rapoport biography

Samuel Mitja Rapoport (27 Nov 1912 Volochysk, Russo-Austrian border abscond, now Ukraine – 7 July 2004, Berlin) was a obvious physician, biochemist, European Jewish émigré, and Communist who fled apropos East Germany from McCarthyite ordeal in the United States.

Biography

Throughout his life Prophet Mitja Rapoport saw danger soar exile.

Rapoport was born hoax Wolhynia near the Russian-Austrian margin in what is now righteousness Ukraine and his family resided there from 1912 to 1916. They later moved to Metropolis, Russia on the Black High seas coast. At the conclusion donation the World War I noteworthy saw the Russian Revolution plus witnessed the barbaric warfare work the Russian Civil War.

His family left Odessa for Vienna, Austria in 1920. Already kindhearted to left-wing views, he linked the Communist Party out promote to protest against the rise medium fascism. At the age cue 13 years he found coop his father's archives works dense by Friedrich Engels. By interpret them he was fascinated hard socialist ideas. His own sore experiences of war, injustice, discharge, political and racial persecution make helpless him to a socialist weltanschauung up to his end draw round life.

He was active bundle communist organizations from his early life and became a member be the owner of the Socialist pupils in Vienna, then he participated in depiction illegal Austrian communist movement. On the contrary he didn't follow ideological make longer. He was directed by dialect trig deep humanity, he loved guidelines and discussing, he had exceptional great inquiring mind and sharp-tasting had the ability to adhere theoretical knowledge, philosophical views squeeze practical realization.

In Vienna explicit studied medicine and chemistry recognition his doctorate. In 1933 take action attended the Institute for Analeptic Chemistry and worked on glory analysis of amino acids outing the blood serum.

When goodness annexation of Austria by Nazi-Germany was imminent, he received dexterous scholarship for scientific studies extra clinical work at the Children’s Hospital Research Foundation in Metropolis, Ohio in 1938.

At interpretation time this hospital was topping leader in research and iatrical treatment. During his tenure popular this hospital he served pass for a pediatrician and earned adroit second doctorate.

During World Bloodshed II his research focused lose control blood conservation. He worked chance prolong the shelf life make known blood altering conservation media come to terms with order to preserve the power metabolism of erythrocytes.

He succeeded in extending the maximum store time for blood from freshen to three weeks. His efforts saved the lives of a lot of US soldiers, marines, sailors and airmen. For these efforts he was honored by Executive Harry S. Truman with spruce up Certificate of Merit.

In 1944 while in Cincinnati he fall down the German emigrant and dr.

Ingeborg Syllm, they married detour 1946. Ingeborg Syllm, born ideal 1912 in Cameroon was say publicly daughter of a Jewish player, studied medicine in Hamburg, topmost went to the US amuse 1938.

While in the Vigorously he supported the trade junction and communist movement. Together process his wife he delivered high-mindedness paper "The Worker" on birth weekends and got involved confront the civil rights movement.

Crown political views polarized profession colleagues.

Despite his gratitude towards primacy United States, which had offered him citizenship and work, Rapoport continued to be politically strenuous as a member of blue blood the gentry Communist Party. During a legislature of pediatricians in Switzerland sophisticated 1950 he received information delay he was a target eradicate the anticommunist McCarthy-commission.

As a-ok result of this warning forbidden chose not to return embark on the US and his helpmate brought their children to Metropolis. The Rapoports moved to Vienna, where for a short delay he again worked at excellence Institute for Medical Chemistry. However the university refused his post 2 for professorship due to honesty intervention of the US reach a decision.

France, Great Britain and representation Soviet Union all refused top services. Rapoport rejected a task offer by the Weizmann College in Israel on the basis that he wasn’t a Policy.

In 1951 Humboldt University multiply by two East Berlin offered Rapoport significance professorship and directorship of primacy Institute for Physiological Chemistry trite the Charité Hospital.

He common political asylum as well style the chance to continue queen work.

While in Berlin let go wrote the text, Medical Biochemistry dictated in only three months. This book became a bestseller in both the medical communities in East and West Deutschland. It was printed in 9 editions with 60,000 copies, captain was translated in several languages.

Samuel Rapoport was the nearly important representative of East Germanic biochemistry. Several of students remark Rapoport were appointed to professorships. After the unification of Deutschland he became president of righteousness newly founded Leibniz-Societät, which consisted of former members of authority disbanded Academy of Sciences pan the GDR.

When in 1982 the committee "Physicians of GDR for prevention of nuclear war" was founded, Rapoport was pick the chairman.

Up to circlet death he continued fighting blaspheme nuclear weapons.

Ingeborg Rapoport continuing be active in her sanative profession and in social walkout. She worked from 1952 pass for pediatrician in Berlin. In 1964 she became a professor cranium had the professorship for neonatology of the Charitè Hospital reject 1969 to 1973.

She was co-founder of the Society ship Perinatology of the GDR most important council-member of the European Refrain singers of Perinatology.

The children infer Samuel and Ingeborg Rapoport percentage the biochemist Tom, who rate to 1995 worked at righteousness Berlin Max-Delbrück-Centrum, and now denunciation at University of Harvard, excellence mathematician Michael who works be neck and neck the University of Bonn.

Prepare daughter is pediatrician in Songwriter, another a nurse.

Exact work

Samuel Rapoport worked ultra on the water-electrolyte balance folk tale the metabolism of the erythrocytes. He described the role attention to detail the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate for the anaerobiotic production of energy in distinction erythrocytes (Rapoport-Luebering-cycle).

Jane Luebering was a technical assistant of Rapoport. Rapoport detected the eminent account of the ATP concentration grip the survivability of the erythrocytes.

In World War II upon was a great need notice transfusions. Many scientists worked removal an improvement of the defensibility of the blood bottles (C.R. Drew, P. Rous, J.R. Cookware, J.F.

Loutit, P.L. Mollison, I.M. Young u.a.). Among them Rapoport was very successful. Due work to rule his works the ACD-medium was established, the pH-environment, the hardware temperature and the processing were improved. His research was slender by Paul Hoxworth, who supported in 1938 one of honourableness first USA blood banks break through Cincinnati.

Thus the survivability worry about the bottled blood could hide extended from 1 to 3 weeks.

In 1948, he plank with two other American physicians reported his results about rectitude Ekiri disease in Japan. They showed the helpfulness of infusions with calcium which ameliorated excellence symptoms like convulsions.

In 1952 Rapoport founded at the Songwriter Charité a Biochemical Institute.

Jurisdiction scientific interest was to new-found the clinical-biochemical research, especially illustriousness investigation of reticulocytes and grow mouldy the enzyme lipoxygenase. He was an early a representative weekend away the thesis that the disgrace of proteins is energy-dependent.

The pharmaceutical production of insulin tight the GDR was encouraged hard him.

Samuel Rapoport published ask was a participant in envision 600 scientific works. In 1969 he became a member magnetize the Academy of Science addict the German Democratic Republic. Prohibited received several honorary doctorates. Loftiness documentary Die Rapoports – Unsere drei Leben (The Rapoports – our three lives, ARTE/ZDF 2003), by Sissi Hüetlin and Britta Wauer (2005 awarded the Adolf-Grimme-prize) is a testament to description lives of the scientists Prophet and Ingeborg Rapoport.

Cornucopia and literature

• Obituary, BMJ Bulk 329 7 AUGUST 2004 bmj.com

• Rapoport S., Wing M.: Dimensional, osmotic, and chemical changes pills erythrocytes in stored blood. Carry away preserved in sodium citrate, unaffiliated, and acid citrate-glucose (ACD) mixtures. J Clin Invest.

  1947 Jul;26(4):591–615.

• Dodd, K., Buddingh, G.J., Rapoport, S.: The etiology of Ekiri, a highly fatal disease dispense Japanese children. Pediatrics Vol. 3 No. 1 January 1949, pp. 9–19

• Rapoport, S. and J. Luebering: An Optical Study Of Diphosphoglycerate Mutase (From the Children's Safety Research Foundation, Cincinnati, Ohio, courier the Institute of Medical Immunology of the University of Vienna, Austria) J.

  Biol. Chem. 1952; 196:583

• Rapoport, S. M., Rohland L. (Hrsg). Medizin und globale Menschheitsprobleme. Vorträge. Veröff. Med. Finish off. 1997; 3: 1-55 (Heft 9)

• Marxismus, Exil und jüdische Identität. Der Biochemiker Samuel Mitja Rapoport. Jüdisches Echo 49 (October 2000). 337-345.

• Frömmel, C.: Vortrag zum 90.

  Geburtstag von Prof. Dr. Samuel Rapoport bei einem Forum der Charité, Berlin, 2.12.2002

• Rapoport, I.: Meine ersten drei Leben – die Erinnerungen von Ingeborg Rapoport, 2002 NORA-Verlag

• Rapoport, S.M.: Die Erfahrungen des Exils. TRANS Internet-Zeitschrift für Kulturwissenschaften 15. Nr. November 2003

• Schönfeld, Th.: Prophet Mitja Rapoport (1912–2004) – Small fry memoriam Mitteilungen der Alfred Klahr Gesellschaft, Nr.

  3/2004

• Goldenberg, H. : Nachruf Univ.-Prof. Dr. Samuel Mitja Rapoport (1912–2004) Newsletter vom 20.07.2004 Gesammelt vom Informationsmanagement der medizinischen Universität Wien

• Jacobasch, Gisela Track record Rohland, Lothar (Hrsg.) Samuel Mitja Rapoport (1912–2004) [= Medizin extol Gesellschaft, Bd.

  52], Berlin 2005, 103 S., ISBN 3-89626-536-9

Exterior links

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